2.2.6.1 String Methods
These are the string methods which both 8-bit strings and Unicode
objects support:
- capitalize()
-
Return a copy of the string with only its first character capitalized.
- center(width)
-
Return centered in a string of length width. Padding is done
using spaces.
- count(sub[, start[, end]])
-
Return the number of occurrences of substring sub in string
S
[start:end]. Optional arguments start and
end are interpreted as in slice notation.
- decode([encoding[, errors]])
-
Decodes the string using the codec registered for encoding.
encoding defaults to the default string encoding. errors
may be given to set a different error handling scheme. The default is
'strict', meaning that encoding errors raise
ValueError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and
replace'.
New in version 2.2.
- encode([encoding[,errors]])
-
Return an encoded version of the string. Default encoding is the current
default string encoding. errors may be given to set a different
error handling scheme. The default for errors is
'strict', meaning that encoding errors raise a
ValueError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and
'replace'.
New in version 2.0.
- endswith(suffix[, start[, end]])
-
Return true if the string ends with the specified suffix,
otherwise return false. With optional start, test beginning at
that position. With optional end, stop comparing at that position.
- expandtabs([tabsize])
-
Return a copy of the string where all tab characters are expanded
using spaces. If tabsize is not given, a tab size of
8
characters is assumed.
- find(sub[, start[, end]])
-
Return the lowest index in the string where substring sub is
found, such that sub is contained in the range [start,
end). Optional arguments start and end are
interpreted as in slice notation. Return
-1 if sub is
not found.
- index(sub[, start[, end]])
-
Like find(), but raise ValueError when the
substring is not found.
- isalnum()
-
Return true if all characters in the string are alphanumeric and there
is at least one character, false otherwise.
- isalpha()
-
Return true if all characters in the string are alphabetic and there
is at least one character, false otherwise.
- isdigit()
-
Return true if there are only digit characters, false otherwise.
- islower()
-
Return true if all cased characters in the string are lowercase and
there is at least one cased character, false otherwise.
- isspace()
-
Return true if there are only whitespace characters in the string and
the string is not empty, false otherwise.
- istitle()
-
Return true if the string is a titlecased string: uppercase
characters may only follow uncased characters and lowercase characters
only cased ones. Return false otherwise.
- isupper()
-
Return true if all cased characters in the string are uppercase and
there is at least one cased character, false otherwise.
- join(seq)
-
Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
sequence seq. The separator between elements is the string
providing this method.
- ljust(width)
-
Return the string left justified in a string of length width.
Padding is done using spaces. The original string is returned if
width is less than
len(s).
- lower()
-
Return a copy of the string converted to lowercase.
- lstrip([chars])
-
Return a copy of the string with leading characters removed. If
chars is omitted or
None, whitespace characters are
removed. If given and not None, chars must be a string;
the characters in the string will be stripped from the beginning of
the string this method is called on.
Changed in version 2.2.2:
Support for the chars argument.
- replace(old, new[, maxsplit])
-
Return a copy of the string with all occurrences of substring
old replaced by new. If the optional argument
maxsplit is given, only the first maxsplit occurrences are
replaced.
- rfind(sub [,start [,end]])
-
Return the highest index in the string where substring sub is
found, such that sub is contained within s[start,end]. Optional
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice
notation. Return
-1 on failure.
- rindex(sub[, start[, end]])
-
Like rfind() but raises ValueError when the
substring sub is not found.
- rjust(width)
-
Return the string right justified in a string of length width.
Padding is done using spaces. The original string is returned if
width is less than
len(s).
- rstrip([chars])
-
Return a copy of the string with trailing characters removed. If
chars is omitted or
None, whitespace characters are
removed. If given and not None, chars must be a string;
the characters in the string will be stripped from the end of the
string this method is called on.
Changed in version 2.2.2:
Support for the chars argument.
- split([sep [,maxsplit]])
-
Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the
delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
splits are done. If sep is not specified or
None, any
whitespace string is a separator.
- splitlines([keepends])
-
Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line
boundaries. Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless
keepends is given and true.
- startswith(prefix[,
start[, end]])
-
Return true if string starts with the prefix, otherwise
return false. With optional start, test string beginning at
that position. With optional end, stop comparing string at that
position.
- strip([chars])
-
Return a copy of the string with leading and trailing characters
removed. If chars is omitted or
None, whitespace
characters are removed. If given and not None, chars
must be a string; the characters in the string will be stripped from
the both ends of the string this method is called on.
Changed in version 2.2.2:
Support for the chars argument.
- swapcase()
-
Return a copy of the string with uppercase characters converted to
lowercase and vice versa.
- title()
-
Return a titlecased version of the string: words start with uppercase
characters, all remaining cased characters are lowercase.
- translate(table[, deletechars])
-
Return a copy of the string where all characters occurring in the
optional argument deletechars are removed, and the remaining
characters have been mapped through the given translation table, which
must be a string of length 256.
- upper()
-
Return a copy of the string converted to uppercase.
- zfill(width)
-
Return the numeric string left filled with zeros in a string
of length width. The original string is returned if
width is less than
len(s).
New in version 2.2.2.
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