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Python Library Reference |  |
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Python Library Reference | |
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Mailcap files are used to configure how MIME-aware applications such as mail readers and Web browsers react to files with different MIME types. (The name ``mailcap'' is derived from the phrase ``mail capability''.) For example, a mailcap file might contain a line like "video/mpeg; xmpeg %s". Then, if the user encounters an email message or Web document with the MIME type video/mpeg, "%s" will be replaced by a filename (usually one belonging to a temporary file) and the xmpeg program can be automatically started to view the file.
The mailcap format is documented in RFC 1524, ``A User Agent Configuration Mechanism For Multimedia Mail Format Information,'' but is not an Internet standard. However, mailcap files are supported on most Unix systems.
os.system()), and the second element is
the mailcap entry for a given MIME type. If no matching MIME
type can be found, (None, None) is returned.
key is the name of the field desired, which represents the type of activity to be performed; the default value is 'view', since in the most common case you simply want to view the body of the MIME-typed data. Other possible values might be 'compose' and 'edit', if you wanted to create a new body of the given MIME type or alter the existing body data. See RFC 1524 for a complete list of these fields.
filename is the filename to be substituted for "%s" in the
command line; the default value is
'/dev/null' which is almost certainly not what you want, so
usually you'll override it by specifying a filename.
plist can be a list containing named parameters; the default
value is simply an empty list. Each entry in the list must be a
string containing the parameter name, an equals sign (=), and the
parameter's value. Mailcap entries can contain
named parameters like %{foo}, which will be replaced by the
value of the parameter named 'foo'. For example, if the command line
"showpartial %{id} %{number} %{total}"was in a mailcap file, and plist was set to ['id=1',
'number=2', 'total=3'], the resulting command line would be
"showpartial 1 2 3".
In a mailcap file, the "test" field can optionally be specified to
test some external condition (e.g., the machine architecture, or the
window system in use) to determine whether or not the mailcap line
applies. findmatch() will automatically check such conditions
and skip the entry if the check fails.
findmatch()
function. An entry is stored as a list of dictionaries, but it
shouldn't be necessary to know the details of this representation.
The information is derived from all of the mailcap files found on the system. Settings in the user's mailcap file $HOME/.mailcap will override settings in the system mailcap files /etc/mailcap, /usr/etc/mailcap, and /usr/local/etc/mailcap.
An example usage:
>>> import mailcap
>>> d=mailcap.getcaps()
>>> mailcap.findmatch(d, 'video/mpeg', filename='/tmp/tmp1223')
('xmpeg /tmp/tmp1223', {'view': 'xmpeg %s'})
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Python Library Reference | |
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