To make sure X support is enabled under NetBSD, the following
line must be in your config file in /sys/arch/i386/conf:
options XSERVER, UCONSOLE
The server supports the standard NetBSD/i386 console drivers: pccons, pcvt and wscons (in pcvt compatibility mode). They are detected at runtime and no configuration of the server itself is required.
The pccons driver is the most widely tested and is the console driver contained in the NetBSD binary distribution's kernels.
The pcvt console driver was bundled with NetBSD until 1.4. The pcvt X mode is compatible with the pccons driver X mode. It offers several virtual consoles and international keyboard support. In order to use this driver, change the line:
device pc0 at isa? port "IO_KBD" irq 1
to
device vt0 at isa? port "IO_KBD" irq 1
in your kernel config file, and rebuild and install your kernel.
Wscons is the current console driver, included in NetBSD 1.4 and later. For now, X supports wscons using the pcvt compatibility mode, so be sure to have the lines:
options WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_PCVT # emulate some ioctls
options WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_SYSCONS # emulate some ioctls
options WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_USL # VT handling
options WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_RAWKBD # can get raw scancodes
By default NetBSD include the BSD 4.4 kernel security
feature that disable access to the /dev/mem device when in
multi-users mode. But X.Org foundation X servers can take advantage
(or require)
linear access to the display memory.
Most X11R6.9 card drivers require linear memory access. There are two ways to allow X to access linear memory:
The first way is to disable the kernel security feature by adding
``option INSECURE'' in the kernel configuration file and build a new
kernel.
The second way is to install the aperture driver, included in source form in
xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/etc/apNetBSD.shar in the
X11R6.9 source distribution. Unpack it in a new directory of your
choice by running:
sh apNetBSD.shar
/usr/local/aperture. You can change this default directory by
editing Makefile.inc before building it.
Then run ``make build'' as root to install it. To enable it,
add the following line to /etc/lkm.conf:
/usr/local/aperture/lkm/xf86.o - - /usr/local/aperture/lkm/xf86_mod_install - -
lkm=YES'' in /etc/rc.conf
Reboot your system. X will auto-detect the aperture driver if available.
Warning 1: if you boot another kernel than /netbsd,
loadable kernel modules can crash your system. Always boot in
single user mode when you want to run another kernel.
Warning 2: the aperture driver only allows one access at a time (so that the system is in the same security state once X is launched). This means that if you run multiple servers on multiples VT, only the first one will have linear memory access. Use ``option INSECURE'' if you need more that one X server at a time.
Starting with XFree86 3.9.17, the XFree86 aperture driver also supports MTRR write combining on Pentiums II and AMD K6 class processors.
NetBSD 1.0 and later supports System V shared memory. If X detects this support in your kernel, it will support the MIT-SHM extension.
To add support for system V shared memory to your kernel add the lines:
# System V-like IPC
options SYSVMSG
options SYSVSEM
options SYSVSHM
to your kernel config file.